I have a 1878 Sholes model for US patent #207557 (August 1878) that was made to demonstrate an improvement in the typebars.
Posted By: mantelliflavio, Thu Nov 25, 2010
TYPEWRITERS : Message: Re: [TYPEWRITERS] Sholes & Glidden Type-writer Question:
The Daugherty typewriter is a type-bar machine with two types to the bar, but the shift is made by raising the type-bars instead of •moving the paper.
http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015080272001?urlappend=%3Bseq=46
When there is but one shift key, use the fourth finger of the left hand on the shift key. This will make it necessary to change the fingering somewhat for the capitals on the left hand side of the keyboard.
Hold the shift key down with the fourth finger, and strike the letter with one of the other three fingers, as most convenient.
The shift keys at present in use are awkward, and it is a matter of surprise that no manufacturer has yet brought out a shift key which can be used with the thumb which now has nothing to do; in this way there would be no change whatever in the fingering.
Manual of Dougherty's brief shorthand and touch ... . - Full View | HathiTrust Digital Library:
REMINGTON TYPEWRITER.
On the Remington typewriter the capital. letters and corresponding small letters are both on the same key. The capital is printed by moving the carriage over just far enough to change the printing point. The carriage is thus moved by means of a key, which is called the shift key. This key must be depressed and held down while the desired letter is being struck with another finger. On the latest machines of this style, there are usually two shift keys, one on each side of the keyboard. In this case one hand is used for the shift key and the other for the letter which is to be written. In this way, the fingering for the capitals is exactly the same as for the small letters.
When there is but one shift key, use the fourth finger of the left hand on the shift key. This will make it necessary to change the fingering somewhat for the capitals on the left hand side of the keyboard. Hold the shift key down with the fourth finger, and strike the letter with one of the other three fingers, as most convenient.
Manual of Dougherty's brief shorthand and touch ... . - Full View | HathiTrust Digital Library:
For my own use, I prefer a single case for its compactness, and the machine should have a capital shift on the right hand side as well as on the left.Daugherty, Pitsburg underwood.
TOUCH TYPEWRITING. (Continued.) BY FRANK RUTHERFORD.
McKee's shorthand magazine., Vol. 2, No. 3, January 1901, P.50.
McKee's shorthand magazine. v. 2 (Nov. 1900-Oct. 1901). - Full View | HathiTrust Digital Library:
This is older than the other.
Owing to the necessity of moving the typebars of writing-machines through the smallest practicable space during their printing strokes, it has been customary to make the type-bars of small dimensions and to pack them as closely as practicable in the typebasket at the nearest possible point to the printing-center. In order to reduce the consequent liability of the types to collide when operated at high speed, it has been customary in making under-strike machines, in which the types occupy a complete circle, to arrange some of the frequently-operated types at one side of the circle and other frequently-operated types at the opposite side of the circle, In other words, the types have been given a staggering arrangement, one key-lever being connected to a type at the forward part of the basket, the next key-lever -having its type at the rear part of the basket, the next lever a type at the forward part, the next lever a type at the rear part, and so on. In machines of the front-strike or top-strike class, however, in which only one-half or less of a circle is occupied by the type-bars, such a staggering arrangement obviously cannot be adopted, and hence it has been customary simply to place the types in the basket in the same order that the key-levers or keys occupy at the keyboard, and in consequence the objection has been made to this class of machines that the types are prone to clash, this defect being all the more noticeable because the types have to be crowded even more closely than customary in under-strike machines.
The main object of my invention is to reduce the liability of the types to collide when operated at high speed, and to this end I ef feet a rearrangement of the order'in which the types are placed in the basket without corresponding rearrangement of the order of the keys or key-levers at the keyboard. I provide between the keys arranged in one order and the types arranged in a different order one or more groups of transposed connections, so that each key is connected to its type and is enabled to operate the same whether or not said type has a natural or unnatural location in the basket. The transposition of the connections is preferably secured by crossing them at some point or points between the types and the keys. By this means I am enabled to separate types which are frequently operated in direct succession—that is, I am enabled to place between two of such types a third type, which is infrequently operated, thereby greatly reducing the liability of clashing, and hence enabling a higher speed of operation than heretofore. It is not necessary to transpose all of the connections, since some of the types may remain in their natural order in the basket without incurring the liability of collision.
Burnham C. Stickney, Type-Writing machine., Patent number: 676208., Filing date: Dec 29, 1900., Issue date: Jun 11, 1901
Patent US676208 - TYPE-WRITING MACHINE - Google Patents:
Remington Standard Type-Writer with looks like platen-shifting-spring and Upper-Case-Lock-lever at left side along the frame of the type-writer bodyThe reporting style of short hand. A complete stenographic ... . - Full View | HathiTrust Digital Library:
Or, is it for the sake of expedience to draw the keys on the keyboard as many as possible?Sketch book of the Inter-state exposition, Chicago ... . - Full View | HathiTrust Digital Library:
Patent US202923 - IMPROVEMENT IN TYPE-WRITING MACHINES - Google Patents:
Patent US408061 - TYPE-WRITING MACHINE - Google Patents:
Patent US596371 - TO THE WTCKOPF - Google Patents:
Patent number: 344839 Filing date: Aug 12, 1879 Issue date: Jul 6, 1886
Patent US344839 - TYPE-WRITING MACHINE - Google Patents:
Smithsonian Libraries: No Longer Fear Pen Paralysis!:
Patent US633672 - TYPE WRITING MACHINE - Google Patents:
The qwerty keyboard had been designed by Sholes himself, but new to the keyboard was the 'shift' key, that literally shifted the carriage to the front in order to type capitals.
Editor/publisher: Paul Robert, retrieved:Jan 17, 2013
The Virtual Typewriter Museum: Remington Standard 2:
THE CASE KEYS.
3.-- When the key marked "Upper Case is down, the capitals and all the characters at the back on the double keys will be printed, and when the key that is marked "Lower Case" is down, the small letters and all the characters that are at the front on the double keys will be printed. The "Lower Case" key need never be touched by the oerator except when the cylinder shifter(149) is raised so the machine is writing all capitals: then, to make a character on the front of a key, press down the "Lower Case" key. (p.--)
THE SHIFTING CYLINDER
8. -- Is held forward or backward by the shifter(149). When forward it will prirnt the small letters and the characters on the front side of the double keys; when backward it will print capitals and the characters on the back side of the double keys. To change the cylinder asd set it in eithe position, you have only to LIFT UP and pull forward or push backward the shifter (149). (p.7)
http://machinesoflovinggrace.com/manuals/manual-Remington2.pdf
TYPE WRITING MACHINE, GEORGE B. WEBB
Patent number: 492599 Filing date: Sep 26, 1892 Issue date: Feb 28, 1893
http://www.google.com/patents?id=R112AAAAEBAJ&zoom=4&dq=platen%20upper-case&pg=PA3#v=onepage&q=platen%20upper-case&f=false
